Strategies for Mitigating Flood Risks in Western Region, Kenya

Abstract

The focus on strategies for mitigating flood risks is to identify which measures have been put in place to reduce flood risk using nature-based affordable approaches. It has been observed that there is a continuous increase in floods all over the world, in developed and developing countries, as a result of climate change. Floods have affected millions of people worldwide, leading to environmental, physical, economic, and social losses and reducing the growth of the nation. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) strategies have been rated among the best approaches for reducing natural hazard-related risks and setting the strategic direction for a sub-county, country, or region to become more resilient to hazards. However, the adoption level of the technology is still very low, creating a gap between the adoption of the technology and flood risk reduction. Dynamics in land use and cover have been increasing, thus enhancing flood risk in the western region of Kenya. This study therefore aimed at evaluating strategies for mitigating flood risks using a nature-based approach. The evaluation design was adopted, and both qualitative and quantitative data were utilized. A sample size of 384 was calculated using Fisher’s formula from a sample population of 63,025 households and Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, and a focus group discussion guide. Secondary and quantitative data were analyzed using MS Excel and Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 26. Qualitative data was analyzed using narration techniques to support quantitative data, while quantitative data was presented using tables, graphs, and charts. The findings on the evaluation of the strategies for mitigating flood risks revealed that extension service as an informational strategy was 92% (353) of the best measure, whereas the existence of project meetings at 80% (307) benefited a lot from them. The study recommends the adoption of holistic management of the Sustainable Land Management Technologies (SLMT) policies and increased training areas to create environmental equity for sustainable development. The study is expected to assist in strengthening extension services with the involvement of both the county and the national government.