https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/27 2026-07-28T19:23:31Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3614 WORK-LIFE BALANCE STRATEGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND PERFORMANCE OF NON-TEACHING EMPLOYEES IN SELECTED PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA Andeyo, Lily Mugove Most organizations are facing new demanding challenges, in maintaining a healthy balance between work-life. This has emerged as a critical concern for both employees and employer. Public universities, for instance, play a crucial global role in driving economic and social development through research and innovation. Whereas various universities have embraced and implemented various work-life balance practices, the extent to which they effect employee performance of non-teaching staff has not been explored. However, universities in Kenya are currently facing significant challenges, including employee stress, inadequate service delivery, strikes, and poor performance rankings. This study aimed to explore the impact of work-life balance strategies on the performance of non-teaching staff in selected public universities in Kenya, considering the moderating effects of environmental factors. Specifically, it examined the influence of social support, leave policies, flexible work arrangements, and health program support on the performance of non-teaching employees, as well as how these environmental factors impact that relationship. The research was grounded in the spill over theory, along with supporting theories such as social exchange theory, organizational support theory, and resource drain theory. Employed positivist research philosophy, the study used descriptive, cross-section survey approach and causal research designs. The target population encompassed 3538 respondents from support, middle level and supervisory staff in grade 1-13 as per the public universities staff grading system. Random and stratified sampling techniques were utilized. A sample size of 343 respondents determined through Taro Yamanes formula. Data collected were cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Version 27, with both descriptive and inferential statistics applied. A pilot study was conducted at University of Eldoret to test reliability of instruments, which achieved a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.896. Descriptive statistics were represented in tables, percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviations, while inferential statistics included Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, and Linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the proposed relationship. Validity of the research was established through content and expert judgment analyses on interview data. Ethical considerations were also factored into the research process. The results from the multiple linear regression indicated that social support (B=0.048, P=0.417), leave policy (B=0.056, P=0.298), flexible work arrangements (B=0.486, P=0.000), and health program support (B=0.275, P=0.000) had positive and statistically significant effects on employee performance. Hierarchical regression showed a progressive increase in R-square values from 64.2% (R2 =0.642) in the first model to 67.0% (R2=0.670) in the final model, suggesting that environmental factors significantly moderated employee performance. In conclusion, social support and leave policy were not significant while flexible work arrangements and health program support were not significant predictors of performance in chosen public universities in Kenya. The study recommends that human resource practitioners should develop strategies, policies that effect work-life balance and employee performance in a harmonious environment. The findings contribute valuable insights for the education sector, and government entities in crafting strategies, policies that promote for public employees performance. The insights gained from this research will not only inform future studies but also enrich the knowledge base for researchers, scholars in related fields 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3613 WORK-LIFE BALANCE STRATEGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND PERFORMANCE OF NON-TEACHING EMPLOYEES IN SELECTED PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA Andeyo, Lily Mugove Most organizations are facing new demanding challenges, in maintaining a healthy balance between work-life. This has emerged as a critical concern for both employees and employer. Public universities, for instance, play a crucial global role in driving economic and social development through research and innovation. Whereas various universities have embraced and implemented various work-life balance practices, the extent to which they effect employee performance of non-teaching staff has not been explored. However, universities in Kenya are currently facing significant challenges, including employee stress, inadequate service delivery, strikes, and poor performance rankings. This study aimed to explore the impact of work-life balance strategies on the performance of non-teaching staff in selected public universities in Kenya, considering the moderating effects of environmental factors. Specifically, it examined the influence of social support, leave policies, flexible work arrangements, and health program support on the performance of non-teaching employees, as well as how these environmental factors impact that relationship. The research was grounded in the spill over theory, along with supporting theories such as social exchange theory, organizational support theory, and resource drain theory. Employed positivist research philosophy, the study used descriptive, cross-section survey approach and causal research designs. The target population encompassed 3538 respondents from support, middle level and supervisory staff in grade 1-13 as per the public universities staff grading system. Random and stratified sampling techniques were utilized. A sample size of 343 respondents determined through Taro Yamanes formula. Data collected were cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Version 27, with both descriptive and inferential statistics applied. A pilot study was conducted at University of Eldoret to test reliability of instruments, which achieved a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.896. Descriptive statistics were represented in tables, percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviations, while inferential statistics included Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, and Linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the proposed relationship. Validity of the research was established through content and expert judgment analyses on interview data. Ethical considerations were also factored into the research process. The results from the multiple linear regression indicated that social support (B=0.048, P=0.417), leave policy (B=0.056, P=0.298), flexible work arrangements (B=0.486, P=0.000), and health program support (B=0.275, P=0.000) had positive and statistically significant effects on employee performance. Hierarchical regression showed a progressive increase in R-square values from 64.2% (R2 =0.642) in the first model to 67.0% (R2=0.670) in the final model, suggesting that environmental factors significantly moderated employee performance. In conclusion, social support and leave policy were not significant while flexible work arrangements and health program support were not significant predictors of performance in chosen public universities in Kenya. The study recommends that human resource practitioners should develop strategies, policies that effect work-life balance and employee performance in a harmonious environment. The findings contribute valuable insights for the education sector, and government entities in crafting strategies, policies that promote for public employees performance. The insights gained from this research will not only inform future studies but also enrich the knowledge base for researchers, scholars in related fields 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3612 WORK-LIFE BALANCE STRATEGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND PERFORMANCE OF NON-TEACHING EMPLOYEES IN SELECTED PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA Andeyo, Lily Mugove Most organizations are facing new demanding challenges, in maintaining a healthy balance between work-life. This has emerged as a critical concern for both employees and employer. Public universities, for instance, play a crucial global role in driving economic and social development through research and innovation. Whereas various universities have embraced and implemented various work-life balance practices, the extent to which they effect employee performance of non-teaching staff has not been explored. However, universities in Kenya are currently facing significant challenges, including employee stress, inadequate service delivery, strikes, and poor performance rankings. This study aimed to explore the impact of work-life balance strategies on the performance of non-teaching staff in selected public universities in Kenya, considering the moderating effects of environmental factors. Specifically, it examined the influence of social support, leave policies, flexible work arrangements, and health program support on the performance of non-teaching employees, as well as how these environmental factors impact that relationship. The research was grounded in the spill over theory, along with supporting theories such as social exchange theory, organizational support theory, and resource drain theory. Employed positivist research philosophy, the study used descriptive, cross-section survey approach and causal research designs. The target population encompassed 3538 respondents from support, middle level and supervisory staff in grade 1-13 as per the public universities staff grading system. Random and stratified sampling techniques were utilized. A sample size of 343 respondents determined through Taro Yamanes formula. Data collected were cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Version 27, with both descriptive and inferential statistics applied. A pilot study was conducted at University of Eldoret to test reliability of instruments, which achieved a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.896. Descriptive statistics were represented in tables, percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviations, while inferential statistics included Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, and Linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the proposed relationship. Validity of the research was established through content and expert judgment analyses on interview data. Ethical considerations were also factored into the research process. The results from the multiple linear regression indicated that social support (B=0.048, P=0.417), leave policy (B=0.056, P=0.298), flexible work arrangements (B=0.486, P=0.000), and health program support (B=0.275, P=0.000) had positive and statistically significant effects on employee performance. Hierarchical regression showed a progressive increase in R-square values from 64.2% (R2 =0.642) in the first model to 67.0% (R2=0.670) in the final model, suggesting that environmental factors significantly moderated employee performance. In conclusion, social support and leave policy were not significant while flexible work arrangements and health program support were not significant predictors of performance in chosen public universities in Kenya. The study recommends that human resource practitioners should develop strategies, policies that effect work-life balance and employee performance in a harmonious environment. The findings contribute valuable insights for the education sector, and government entities in crafting strategies, policies that promote for public employees performance. The insights gained from this research will not only inform future studies but also enrich the knowledge base for researchers, scholars in related fields. 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3611 UTILIZATION OF MASS MEDIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENTS’ RIGHTS IN MT. ELGON SUB-COUNTY, BUNGOMA COUNTY, KENYA Nkangi, Felister Nyaera This study sought to investigate the utilization of mass media messages for the implementation of patients’ rights among the public of the Mt. Elgon sub-county, Bungoma County. In health, media has been used to popularize new diseases and medical services offered. However, there is little information on its contribution in patients’ rights communication. Globally patients’ harm contributes to over 2.6 million deaths annually among low and middle-income countries. Patients’ rights violation cases have continued to be reported in Kenya despite the policies contained in the new Kenyan constitution promulgated in 2010 and the Kenya National Patients’ Rights Charter 2013. This is attributed to low health literacy levels on patients’ rights among the public. This questions mass media’s role of informing, educating and monitoring implementation of such policies in society. The study objectives were to: examine the nature of media messages disseminated on patients’ rights among residents of Mt.Elgon sub-county; determine the perception of public towards mass media messaging on patients’ rights among residents of Mt.Elgon sub-county; establish the challenges faced in the dissemination of mass media messages on patients’ rights among residents of Mt.Elgon sub-county and determine suitable mass media messaging for effective implementation of patients’ rights among residents of Mt.Elgon sub-county. The study was guided by the tenets of the agenda setting theory and the diffusion of innovations theory of the mass media. Exploratory sequential research design of the mixed methods research approach was applied. The study was conducted in Chemoge and Kaptama sub-locations of Mt. Elgon Sub-County and the population studied included: adult residents of the identified sub-locations, media practitioners and health policymakers. From a total population of 13204 adult residents, using Mungenda and Mugenda (2003), 10% was selected for the study totaling 130 persons. Further, 72 members of the population were purposively selected for focus group discussions. In addition, 8 key informants including 2 health policy experts and 6 health journalists drawn from leading national media houses in Kenya were interviewed. Data was collected through tools a questionnaire, interview guides (one for health policy experts and another for health journalists), and a focus group discussion schedule. Content validity was analyzed and reliability calculated Cronbach Alpha coefficient, .84 was obtained. Trustworthiness of qualitative methods and data was observed. The qualitative data collected was analyzed thematically while descriptive statistics were generated from quantitative data with the aid of SPSS. The findings revealed that over 68% of the respondents had not been reached with mass media on patients' rights. Further, audio-visual messages were commonly used in addressing patients' rights rated at 54%. The few messages disseminated have been centered on sporadic happening through news programs and this has contributed to the pessimistic perception registered by focus group discussants. Further, the few messages on patients' rights had not been implemented because they fail to meet the suitability criteria suggested. The study recommends that health journalists should adopt in-depth coverage of patients’ rights to increase awareness and practice investigative journalism in monitoring the implementation of these rights across health facilities. 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z