https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/132 Sun, 19 Apr 2026 11:52:43 GMT 2026-04-19T11:52:43Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/2883 Conceptualizing Peace, Security and Development: A Critical Discourse MATANGA, FRANK This professorial inaugural lecture critically attempts to examine the concepts Peace, Security, and Development. Peace, is understood to be not only the absence of direct and physical violence, but more importantly, the absence of structural violence connoting social justice and social cohesion. On the other hand, security is not just the absence of military threats to a state's core national interests, but more significantly entails the absence of socio-economic and political threats to the interests and well-being of individuals and communities. This, therefore, introduces a related contemporary concept of human security. Development, consequently, becomes the direct by-product as well as the sum-total of our conceptualization and reconceptualization of peace and security. This lecture employs the case study of Somalia and Ethiopia in a comparative perspective to evaluate and analyze the three related concepts: Peace, Security, and Development. Overall, the lecture demonstrates and justifies two concluding observations: the emerging importance of the analysis of political values and variables on/of the development process, and thus the significance of development politics as an emerging subfield of political science; and the increasing significance of the disciplines of peace and conflict studies. The lecture recommends the establishment of relevant research institutes that can address the complex relations and interplay among the three concepts. Consequently, the formulation of Institute for Security, Environment and Development (ISED). Thu, 22 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/2883 2018-02-22T00:00:00Z https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/2881 Nexus between Kenya’s Higher Education Financing, Equity and Quality: Implications for Policy and Practice Prof. Odebero, Stephen My journey towards this inaugural lecture dates back to 1998/99 when I was the director of studies. I sat in the committee that identified needy students for bursary allocation in high school and came face to face with not just the high number of needy cases but also what I considered a flawed means testing tool. This inspired my study on, Equity implications of bursary as a method of financing secondary school education as the Lorenz curve and Gini- Coefficients for all the years studied measured above 0.5 index. Later, I delved into the unending challenge of Equity in Access to University Education in Kenya through HELB Loans in Relation to Demand Supply and Effectiveness in Loan Recovery. The focus was on the strong link between equitable financing of university students and increased access to higher education recommending amendment of the HELB Act 1995 to make it more effective in loan recovery. HE financing in Kenya has been marked by shifting socio-political regimes determined by micro-economic fluctuations and policy shifts of international funding agencies. I identify and trace four distinctive evolving phases of funding which underpin the current state but all of which have implications on equity and quality. I link these with my works of over 20 years to establish the nexus between financing, equity and quality. Inability by HELB to effectively recover funds from past loan recipients is established implying that efforts towards creation of a revolving fund to minimise financial burden on the exchequer remains a mirage. A strong Justification for increased financing of HE is advanced on the link between growth in the ratio of tertiary education enrolments and growth in national income, signalling a departure from earlier education policy for developing countries that put higher premium on investment in primary education. The new VSLF model is recommended as it will increase revenue at the disposal of HE institutions. MOEST is urged to invest in a technical study to establish the actual cost of programmes in each university without relying on individual university costing of programs and use it to improve the model. Similarly, the proportions of students in each household category be determined scientifically and imputed into the funding formula. HELB is urged to embrace means testing app (MTA) akin to the ‘Odemmusta app’ rather than means testing instrument (MTI) to render the process more efficient, convenient, cost-effective and verifiable. I caution that if capital and salary costs are factored into the costs of the programmes, costs of HE would rise beyond the reach of most Kenyans. I recommend the amendment of the Procurement Act as it has either been abused or not been effective in lowering costs of higher education in the procurement of goods and services. Tue, 28 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/2881 2023-11-28T00:00:00Z