Surface engineering of microbial cells:
Abstract
Microbial cells (bacteria, fungi, and algae) and viruses are important part of life; which besides their harmful effects, perform several useful functions owing to
their unique cell surface properties. The unique structures present on their surfaces serve as barriers between the cell and its environment and bestow them with
unique functional properties. The current review describes strategies to decorate microbial cells by using different materials. It details various strategies such as
layer by layer (LbL) decoration, mineralization, encapsulation, and genetic engineering among others to modify the surfaces of different microbial cells for potential
applications such as environmental biotechnology, toxicology, medical microbiology, and nano-biotechnology, etc. Besides, it discusses the effects of various
materials on cell viability, physiology, and functionality used for surface engineering. This review provides fundamentals to the novice readers and insights to the
seasoned researchers to pave way for their future research in the area.
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