| dc.description.abstract | Female Anopheles mosquitoes spread malaria. Pregnant women, young children, and older
adults are particularly prone to this sickness due to immune system impairment. The
licensed antimalarials cause intolerance and toxicity. The conventional malaria management
technique is expensive, especially for low-income nations. Thus, alternative and additional
treatments are needed. Due of their lower cost, adverse effects, and convenience, therapeutic
plants may be available. The lack of study on antimalarial medicinal plants as effective and
affordable pharmacotherapies reveals a research need. The current study studied Kakamega
County medicinal plants' antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects. Twenty adults, male and
female, were asked about plant use. Statistics show 16 traditional medicine plant species.
These plants were chosen for their uses and bibliographies. Biological investigations were
performed on 16 plant leaves, barks, and roots. Materials were solvent-extracted and dried.
Water provided the most plant extracts. Dichloromethane produced the least solvent. Water
released the most plant extracts. Dichloromethane produced the least solvent. Leguminosae
produced the most crops of the examined plant species. Senna didmobotrya and occidentalis
yielded the most water, 12.6% and 11.6%. The highest methanol yield was 6.3% from Senna
didmobotrya. Following closely was 6.2% Lantana trifolia L. The highest dichloromethane
yields were 2.7% and 2.4% from Trichilia emetic and Spathodea campanulata. The aqueous
extracts of three plant species shown significant antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium
falciparum strain 3D7, with an IC50 value of ≤10 μg/ml. Three plant extracts were also
effective against P. falciparum W2 strains. This study analyses plant species' antiplasmodial
activity against 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum strains. Ten aqueous plant extracts shown
moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC50 values: 11-49.9 μg/ml) against P. falciparum strains
3D7 and W2. The 3D7 strain demonstrated moderate antiplasmodial activity in 10 of 16
plants. Nine of 16 W2 samples demonstrated moderate antiplasmodial effectiveness. Two
plant specimens did not inhibit Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain growth in lab trials. The
only plant extract with modest W2 strain antiplasmodial activity was investigated. This
extract was inactive against 3D7 strains, with an IC50 of ≥100 μg/ml. Inactive three people
were exposed to W2 strains. Six of sixteen plant methanol extracts efficiently inhibited 3D7
bacteria. Methanol extract of the plant demonstrated significant antiplasmodial action
against W2 mutant strain. Methanol-extracted plants demonstrated moderate antiplasmodial
efficacy against the 3D7 strain in 6 of 16. Most methanol-extracted herbs (11/16) have
modest antiplasmodial activity against W2. Three methanol-extracted plants have modest
3D7 strain antiplasmodial activity. W2 P. falciparum strains performed similarly in two
experiments. Methanol extractions of 1 and 2 did not kill 3D7 or W2 strains.
Dichloromethane leaf extracts from 16 plants inhibited 3D7 and W2. Six compounds
strongly inhibited 3D7 strains. Four of sixteen tests revealed high W2 antiplasmodial
activity. Five plants had moderate 3D7 antiplasmodial activity. A lot of samples have
modest W2 activity. Four plants showed limited antiplasmodial activity against the 3D7
strain, but only two against the W2 strain. The plant had no 3D7 antiplasmodial action.
dichloromethane-extracted compounds demonstrated no antiplasmodial action on W2. The
results of this study offer significant insights for stakeholders who are interested in investigating the potential of herbal remedies as an alternate strategy for the treatment of
malaria. | en_US |
